23.4.2025 - ?.?.2025 (Week 1 - Week ?)
Nadhrah binti Abdul Razak / 0359620 / Bachelors of Design (Hons) in Creative Media
Publishing Design
Task 1 - Exercises
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Nadhrah binti Abdul Razak / 0359620 / Bachelors of Design (Hons) in Creative Media
Publishing Design
Task 1 - Exercises
TABLE OF CONTENTS
- Lectures
- Instruction
- Task 1 - Exercises
- Task 2 - Content Generation
- Task 3 - Book Printed, E-Book
- Feedbacks
LECTURES
Format
Key elements that influence and determine the format of a book:
- Type of binding
- Type of paper
- Size
The Book / Historical Formats
Different formats used across time in different civilizations around the world:
Iran - Iraq = Mesopotamian civilization
- First writing systems evolved from accounting tools.
- Used clay tokens and tablets (~8000–2400 BCE).
- Early examples show organization and spatial divisions.
Egypt = Ancient Egyptian civilization
- Scribes used hieroglyphics written on walls, papyrus (layered paper from papyrus plant)
- Due to the dry climate, some papyrus documents survived.
- Two writing styles: Hieroglyphics (slow, pictorial), Hieratic script (faster, cursive resembles early Arabic)
India - Paskitan - Afghanistan = Indus Valley civilization
- Used cuneiform on clay tablets (~2600–1500 BCE).
- Later formats included palm leaf manuscripts:
- Scratched text into leaf, then rubbed with soot for visibility.
- Degradation due to humid climate = poor preservation.
- Relied heavily on oral traditions due to ephemeral formats.
China = Han Chinese civilization
- Material used: Early use of bamboo strips tied with strings to form books; later development of paper from mulberry bark and other plant fibers by Cai Lun around 105 CE.
- Writing system: Chinese script was well established and often used in official records and scholarly works.
- Format innovation: Scrolls were common before books.
- The invention of paper revolutionized record-keeping and book-making.
- Technological impact: Chinese invention of woodblock printing led to mass production of texts long before Europe.
Europe (Turkey & beyond) = European civilization
- Early writing materials:
- Parchment and vellum (animal skins) used widely before paper.
- Scrolls, then codices (book format) became the norm.
- Medieval period:
- Monks in monasteries responsible for copying texts by hand.
- Books were rare, labor-intensive to make.
- Decorative elements: Illuminated manuscripts with gold, colored inks.
- Printing revolution:
- Gutenberg press (1440 CE) introduced movable type printing in Germany.
- Allowed for mass production of books – major turning point in publishing history.
- Led to increased literacy, spread of scientific and religious texts (e.g., Bible, Martin Luther’s writings).
- Content & Format:
- Standardized layouts emerged.
- Format adapted to include indexes, chapters, margins, page numbers.
- Emphasis on legibility, organization.
Innovation follow technology
- New technology opens doors to new formats and creativity.
- Example: Apple Macintosh led to the development of digital typefaces.
- Staying updated with tech = more opportunities for innovation in design.
Introduction to the History of Print
- Printing technology has evolved significantly over time.
- Understanding this history helps us appreciate the development of communication and knowledge dissemination.
Early Chinese Printing (2nd–8th Century CE)
Confucian Texts (175 AD)- Emperor of China commands the Confucian classics be carved into stone.
- Scholars create rubbings by placing paper over engraved slabs and rubbing with charcoal/graphite.
- Considered an early form of large-scale printing.
- Scholars needed these texts to join the court administration.
Korean Innovations in Printing
Earliest Printed Document (750 CE)- The Dharani Sutra, printed in Korea, is the oldest known printed document.
- Found at the National Museum of Korea.
Japan’s Mass Printing Project (768 CE)- Empress of Nara commissions mass production of Buddhist prayer scrolls.
- Housed in small wooden stupas (pagoda-shaped containers).
- Estimated to have taken 6 years to complete.
- Considered the first mass-printed documents.
Japan: One Million Pagodas (764 CE)- Commissioned by Empress Shotoku as thanksgiving for rebellion suppression.
- Each contained a small block-printed Buddhist text.
- Distributed to temples nationwide.
The Chinese Diamond Sutra (868 CE)- Found in Dunhuang, from the Tang Dynasty.
- 16-foot-long scroll, 1-foot high, glued sheets.
- First page includes world’s earliest printed illustration (Buddha and followers).
- Demonstrates early use of woodblock printing for both text and images.
How Scrolls Were Read- Likely read by rolling from side to side (panoramic style).
- Marking specific points in scrolls (like bookmarking) was difficult.
- Reflects how different cultures could have shaped modern reading habits if not for colonization.
Woodblock Printing in China (10th–11th Century CE)- Used to publish Confucian classics, Buddhist, and Taoist works (~5,000 scrolls).
- Carving text in reverse on woodblocks was labor-intensive.
- All before movable type existed.
Movable Type Development
Early Chinese Attempts (11th Century)Concept: reusable individual character blocks.Problems: Too many characters in Chinese script.Characters cast in fragile clay which is unsuitable for reuse.
Printing in Europe
Introduction of Woodblock Printing (1400s)- Technique introduced 600 years after the East.
- Used for religious images and playing cards.
- Early printed products were sold to pilgrims.
German Innovations (Late 15th Century)- Germany improves techniques, turning printing into a cornerstone of Western civilization.
- Typography is to graphic design what oxygen is to life: fundamental.- Being skilled at typography is essential for good graphic design.- Typography is the art of arranging and composing text for expression and communication.
Typography Components & Features
Glyphs & Character Sets- Access glyphs in software (Illustrator/InDesign) via Type > Glyphs.
- Good typefaces often include:
- Lowercase / Uppercase
- Small Capitals (Expert Fonts) – same height as x-height; useful for acronyms.
- Punctuation, Fractions, Mathematical Symbols
- Swashes – decorative caps, not for all-caps use.
- Ligatures – special character pairs like fi, fl, ffi to avoid awkward spacing.
Numbers- Two styles:
- Lining Figures (uppercase numbers) – align with capital letters, common in sans-serifs.
- Old-style Figures (lowercase numbers) – align with x-height; more elegant for body text.
Type Anatomy & Structure- Baseline – where letters sit.
- Median line – top of x-height.
- Cap line – top of capital letters.
- Ascender/Descender lines – for taller/lower strokes in letters like h or g.
Type Families & Usage- Choose large type families for books/magazines to handle varied content styles consistently.
- Examples of good text typefaces:
- Serif: Minion, Garamond, Bodoni, Baskerville, Caslon
- Sans-serif: Frutiger, Myriad, Gill Sans
Legibility Guidelines- Prioritize open, readable typefaces for long texts.
- Break rules only if well understood and purposefully done.
Common Typographic Issues- Underlines:
- Must not touch letters — breaks word shapes, slows reading.
- ALL CAPS:
- Okay for short headings or emphasis.
- Never for long passages – hurts readability.
- Poor Typesetting:
- Overuse of Word or basic tools leads to bad design.
- Designers have a responsibility, especially in educational materials, to follow legibility norms.
What is Graphic Design?- Graphic Design = Visual Communication.
- A form of visual language (alongside fashion, body language, signs, etc.).
- Used to express, communicate, and persuade.
- Appears in packaging, signage, motion graphics, web design, etc.
- Often combines image + text, but text alone can also serve as graphic design (e.g., modernist design).
Understanding Visual LanguageJust like spoken language has rules (grammar), visual language has principles.
Graphic design includes:- Type
- Imagery
- Colour
- Form
- Hierarchy
- Composition
- Balance
- Rhythm
Importance of Typography- Typography is central to most graphic design.
- Many graphic design jobs are typography-heavy (branding, books, etc.).
- Typography plays a larger role than images in daily communication.
Key elements that influence and determine the format of a book:
- Type of binding
- Type of paper
- Size
The Book / Historical Formats
Different formats used across time in different civilizations around the world:
Different formats used across time in different civilizations around the world:
Iran - Iraq = Mesopotamian civilization
Introduction to the History of Print
Early Chinese Printing (2nd–8th Century CE)
Earliest Printed Document (750 CE)
- First writing systems evolved from accounting tools.
- Used clay tokens and tablets (~8000–2400 BCE).
- Early examples show organization and spatial divisions.
- Scribes used hieroglyphics written on walls, papyrus (layered paper from papyrus plant)
- Due to the dry climate, some papyrus documents survived.
- Two writing styles: Hieroglyphics (slow, pictorial), Hieratic script (faster, cursive resembles early Arabic)
- Used cuneiform on clay tablets (~2600–1500 BCE).
- Later formats included palm leaf manuscripts:
- Scratched text into leaf, then rubbed with soot for visibility.
- Degradation due to humid climate = poor preservation.
- Relied heavily on oral traditions due to ephemeral formats.
- Material used: Early use of bamboo strips tied with strings to form books; later development of paper from mulberry bark and other plant fibers by Cai Lun around 105 CE.
- Writing system: Chinese script was well established and often used in official records and scholarly works.
- Format innovation: Scrolls were common before books.
- The invention of paper revolutionized record-keeping and book-making.
- Technological impact: Chinese invention of woodblock printing led to mass production of texts long before Europe.
- Early writing materials:
- Parchment and vellum (animal skins) used widely before paper.
- Scrolls, then codices (book format) became the norm.
- Medieval period:
- Monks in monasteries responsible for copying texts by hand.
- Books were rare, labor-intensive to make.
- Decorative elements: Illuminated manuscripts with gold, colored inks.
- Printing revolution:
- Gutenberg press (1440 CE) introduced movable type printing in Germany.
- Allowed for mass production of books – major turning point in publishing history.
- Led to increased literacy, spread of scientific and religious texts (e.g., Bible, Martin Luther’s writings).
- Content & Format:
- Standardized layouts emerged.
- Format adapted to include indexes, chapters, margins, page numbers.
- Emphasis on legibility, organization.
- New technology opens doors to new formats and creativity.
- Example: Apple Macintosh led to the development of digital typefaces.
- Staying updated with tech = more opportunities for innovation in design.
Introduction to the History of Print
- Printing technology has evolved significantly over time.
- Understanding this history helps us appreciate the development of communication and knowledge dissemination.
Early Chinese Printing (2nd–8th Century CE)
Confucian Texts (175 AD)
- Emperor of China commands the Confucian classics be carved into stone.
- Scholars create rubbings by placing paper over engraved slabs and rubbing with charcoal/graphite.
- Considered an early form of large-scale printing.
- Scholars needed these texts to join the court administration.
Korean Innovations in Printing
Earliest Printed Document (750 CE)
- The Dharani Sutra, printed in Korea, is the oldest known printed document.
- Found at the National Museum of Korea.
Japan’s Mass Printing Project (768 CE)
- Empress of Nara commissions mass production of Buddhist prayer scrolls.
- Housed in small wooden stupas (pagoda-shaped containers).
- Estimated to have taken 6 years to complete.
- Considered the first mass-printed documents.
Japan: One Million Pagodas (764 CE)
- Commissioned by Empress Shotoku as thanksgiving for rebellion suppression.
- Each contained a small block-printed Buddhist text.
- Distributed to temples nationwide.
The Chinese Diamond Sutra (868 CE)
- Found in Dunhuang, from the Tang Dynasty.
- 16-foot-long scroll, 1-foot high, glued sheets.
- First page includes world’s earliest printed illustration (Buddha and followers).
- Demonstrates early use of woodblock printing for both text and images.
How Scrolls Were Read
- Likely read by rolling from side to side (panoramic style).
- Marking specific points in scrolls (like bookmarking) was difficult.
- Reflects how different cultures could have shaped modern reading habits if not for colonization.
Woodblock Printing in China (10th–11th Century CE)
- Used to publish Confucian classics, Buddhist, and Taoist works (~5,000 scrolls).
- Carving text in reverse on woodblocks was labor-intensive.
- All before movable type existed.
Movable Type Development
Early Chinese Attempts (11th Century)
Concept: reusable individual character blocks.
Problems: Too many characters in Chinese script.
Characters cast in fragile clay which is unsuitable for reuse.
Typography Components & Features
Printing in Europe
Introduction of Woodblock Printing (1400s)
- Technique introduced 600 years after the East.
- Used for religious images and playing cards.
- Early printed products were sold to pilgrims.
German Innovations (Late 15th Century)
- Germany improves techniques, turning printing into a cornerstone of Western civilization.
- Typography is to graphic design what oxygen is to life: fundamental.
- Being skilled at typography is essential for good graphic design.
- Typography is the art of arranging and composing text for expression and communication.
Typography Components & Features
Glyphs & Character Sets
- Access glyphs in software (Illustrator/InDesign) via Type > Glyphs.
- Good typefaces often include:
- Lowercase / Uppercase
- Small Capitals (Expert Fonts) – same height as x-height; useful for acronyms.
- Punctuation, Fractions, Mathematical Symbols
- Swashes – decorative caps, not for all-caps use.
- Ligatures – special character pairs like fi, fl, ffi to avoid awkward spacing.
Numbers
- Two styles:
- Lining Figures (uppercase numbers) – align with capital letters, common in sans-serifs.
- Old-style Figures (lowercase numbers) – align with x-height; more elegant for body text.
Type Anatomy & Structure
- Baseline – where letters sit.
- Median line – top of x-height.
- Cap line – top of capital letters.
- Ascender/Descender lines – for taller/lower strokes in letters like h or g.
Type Families & Usage
- Choose large type families for books/magazines to handle varied content styles consistently.
- Examples of good text typefaces:
- Serif: Minion, Garamond, Bodoni, Baskerville, Caslon
- Sans-serif: Frutiger, Myriad, Gill Sans
Legibility Guidelines
- Prioritize open, readable typefaces for long texts.
- Break rules only if well understood and purposefully done.
Common Typographic Issues
- Underlines:
- Must not touch letters — breaks word shapes, slows reading.
- ALL CAPS:
- Okay for short headings or emphasis.
- Never for long passages – hurts readability.
- Poor Typesetting:
- Overuse of Word or basic tools leads to bad design.
- Designers have a responsibility, especially in educational materials, to follow legibility norms.
What is Graphic Design?
- Graphic Design = Visual Communication.
- A form of visual language (alongside fashion, body language, signs, etc.).
- Used to express, communicate, and persuade.
- Appears in packaging, signage, motion graphics, web design, etc.
- Often combines image + text, but text alone can also serve as graphic design (e.g., modernist design).
Understanding Visual Language
Just like spoken language has rules (grammar), visual language has principles.
Graphic design includes:
- Type
- Imagery
- Colour
- Form
- Hierarchy
- Composition
- Balance
- Rhythm
Importance of Typography
- Typography is central to most graphic design.
- Many graphic design jobs are typography-heavy (branding, books, etc.).
- Typography plays a larger role than images in daily communication.
INSTRUCTION
EXERCISES
For our first task we are required to do 4 exercises where we will learn about the use of space, use of colour, space, image and text, clean and neat mockup making and presentation. This project consists of designing book size mockup, signatures, Van De Graff, Digitised Van De Graff, and Form and Movement.
Exercise 1 - Text Formatting
Exercise 2 - Mock-up making
For this exercise, we had to make a mock-up with a suitable size. It has to be bigger than A5 papers yet smaller than A4 papers
Exercise 2 - Mock-up making
For this exercise, we had to make a mock-up with a suitable size. It has to be bigger than A5 papers yet smaller than A4 papers
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| Fig |
The size that I think suits for the mock-up most is 240mm x 180mm
Exercise 3 - Signature folding systems (8+8=16)
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| Fig |
Exercise 4 - Classical Grid structure
For this exercise, we are required to make a structure based on Van De Graff.
.jpeg) |
| Fig |
Exercise 5 - Determining Grids
Exercise 6 - Form & Movement Exercises (Thumbnail)
Illustrations
Exercise 6 - Form & Movement Exercises (Thumbnail)
TASK 2 - CONTENT GENERATION
3000 WordsIllustrations
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